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Signature Optic
How does an OTDR?
Fiber optic networks, OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) is an optical instrument used-electronics Looking at the spectral signature of the fiber. Do not measure the loss in the cable plant that can be correlated with the budgets of power.
A OTDR injects a series of pulses in the fiber under test. It also extracts from the end of the fiber, the scattered light and reflected back from points in the fiber which changes the refractive index. It works as an operating principle of a radar or sonar, sending a pulse of light from a powerful laser, which scatters the glass in the core of the fiber. The intensity pulses change is measured and integrated as a function of time, and is plotted as a function of fiber length.
An OTDR can be used to estimate the fiber length and overall attenuation, including splice and mated connector losses. It can also be used to locate defects such as breaks.
Physical limitations of OTDR test
The OTDR suffers from several serious uncertainties in the Measurement and physical limitations. Measurement uncertainty comes mainly from variations in the backscatter of the fiber. The backscatter coefficient is a function material properties of glass in the nucleus and the base diameter.
Variations of fiber products or geometry may cause significant changes in the scattered light, making it uncertain steps of splicing or connection to + /-0.4dB. This often leads to confusion showing an increase in a virtual connector, where the fibers involved have different backscatter coefficients. Connector or splice loss must be measured in both directions and averaged to eliminate this source of error.
OTDR Design
The principle of optical components in a standard single OTDR includes a laser, a receiver, a coupling and a front panel connector.
Pigtailed laser is a connector on the OTDR via an optical coupler 3 dB. This coupler is typically a device BI-CAST, but can be discrete optical components.
Fire laser bursts of intense light that passes through mating and then through the front panel connector and the fiber under test.
As the pulse travels along the fiber, some light is lost by absorption and Rayleigh scattering. The pulse is also attenuated in discrete locations, such as joints, connectors and corners, where sudden changes in the geometry of pairs guide light waves outside the heart and the sheath. If the pulse encounters discontinuities in the refractive index (such as those found in connectors or end of a fiber chopped), energy optical pulse is reflected back to the OTDR.
Applications of pulse suppressor
Pulse suppressors, also called boxes OTDR launch, delay lines or "Dummy fibers are used to occupy OTDR" dead zones "that allows precise measurements of the loss of end fittings, near the fiber under test. Suppressors can also be used in an educational environment to simulate the network and installation and troubleshooting.
With the inclusion of additional elements of loss, the pulse suppressor is a test or check box accuracy Quick calibrated your OTDR.
About the Author:
Colin Yao is an expert on fiber optic communication technologies and products. Learn more about
large core fiber
,
large core optical fiber
,
fiber innerduct
on Fiber Optics For Sale Co. web site
Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – Troubleshooting Your Optical Fiber Networks: Introduction to OTDR – Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
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